Boiling in nanopores through localized Joule heating: Transition between nucleate and film boiling

The transition from nucleate to film boiling on micro/nanotextured surfaces is of crucial importance in a number practical applications, where it needs be avoided enable safe and efficient heat transfer. Previous studies have focused the process at macroscale, transfer bubble generation are activated an array micro/nanostructures. In present study, we narrow down our investigation scale single nanopore, where, through localized Joule heating within pore volume, single-bubble nucleation examined nanosecond resolution using resistive pulse sensing acoustic sensing. Akin macroscale boiling, heterogeneous bubbles can coalesce into film, case nanopores also, patches nucleating cylindrical surface form torus-shaped vapor blanketing entire surface. contrast conventional pool nanopore involves reverse mechanism, with increased generation, reverts boiling. With increasing bias voltage across production increases pore, leading destabilization collapse film.